Caveat Emptor Stocks and How the Grey Market Works

Let’s talk about caveat emptor stocks — aka, how sketchy is too sketchy?

A lot of new traders have a hard time understanding risk. Of course, trading is inherently risky. A good trader takes risk into account.

So consider this your day trading PSA: Stay away from caveat emptor stocks.

Let’s toss out all the bad things that a skull-and-crossbones mark signals here. Think beyond the fraud, bankruptcy, and shady dealings. If you’ve read my FREE penny stock guide, you already know that I never believe in these stocks anyway.

I don’t care about what OTC stocks claim to be selling. I only care about their volatility and volume.

Caveat emptor stocks have all of the sketchiness of OTC stocks with none of the upside. The lack of information means that it’s impossible to plan for them.

I want you to plan. I want you to prepare. If you’re taking on a trade where you can’t do that, it’s not an excuse…

You should be here because you want to expand your trading education. Read on to learn a crucial cautionary trading tale of caveat emptor stocks…

What Is the Grey Market?

The penny stock market has a wide spectrum of risk.

You have regulated exchanges (NYSE, Nasdaq). Then there are the OTC markets — where OTCQX, OTCQB, and pink sheet stocks trade.

OTC Markets (OTCQX: OTCM) does a bit of due diligence on these first three tiers. But OTC markets include a Wild West tier. This is where the ‘prohibited service providers’ and caveat emptor stocks live. These are the ‘grey sheets’ or OTC grey markets.

These grey markets are for companies that can’t be held to any standard. Grey markets contain stocks that have been delisted, often from other OTC markets.

There’s also another kind of grey market, one that deals in pre-IPO stocks. This grey market is unregulated, but for more intriguing reasons.

These pre-IPO stocks are often traded among insiders. Their sale can help set the price for when the IPO goes public.

How Does the Grey Market Work?

The grey market is a murky world where information and transparency are minimal. Grey market stocks don’t have:

• Market makers promoting the stock
• Analysts who follow and write reports on these stocks
• Information disclosure, such as financial statements
• Risk ratings, like on the pink sheets

If you can’t find grey market stocks on the exchanges or major OTC boards, how do you find them? Not easily. You need to find a broker who deals in grey market penny stocks.

Types of Grey Markets

Like the stocks traded on them, the definition of grey market is hazy. Let’s break it down a bit more finely…

The ‘Grey Sheets’

When we’re talking about caveat emptor stocks, we’re talking about the bad kind of grey market.

Stocks here have been suspended from trading. The reasons include fraud, market manipulation, and lack of disclosure.

Grey zone stocks have fallen off the regulatory cliff. They aren’t required to register with financial security regulators. Nor are they required to disclose financial information.

The IPO Grey Market

If you’ve invested in a company before its IPO, then you’ve already traded in the IPO grey market. Before a company’s IPO, it sells shares in the ‘grey market’ to investors.

In the past, large institutional investors could buy pre-IPO shares at a discount. Today, some brokers offer mainstream investors ways to buy IPO shares early.

What Are Grey Market Goods?

Grey market goods trade outside of regulated distribution channels. The manufacturer hasn’t authorized these sales.

Some grey market goods are third-party accessories to mainstream products. Lost that MacBook charger and don’t want to spend $100 to replace it? You can give the $25 third-party version a whirl … just don’t contact Apple if it catches on fire.

Other times, grey market goods are genuine. Maybe the seller bought the product in a country where it’s sold more cheaply. Then they turn around and sell it in the U.S. for less than the suggested retail price.

The Effects of Grey Market Goods

Should traders worry about grey market goods?

Let’s leave the worrying about macroeconomic effects to the analysts. As traders, we really don’t care if a big corporation is losing some of its accessory market share to imitators.

Your job is to find a trading strategy that works for you. That means studying the past and finding your go-to patterns. (You can get a solid start in my 30-Day Bootcamp here.)

As a user of these goods, be smart.

Note the focus of this article, ‘caveat emptor’ — buyer beware.

What Are the Causes of the Grey Market?

Grey market causes can range widely. Like many things in the market economy, most come down to money.

Low Price Competition

This is at the root of the retail grey market. People are always on the hunt for the lowest price. They’ll often take it over the guarantees of buying through official channels. Like I said, buyer beware.

Is the Grey Market Legit?

One thing that applies to all grey markets is a lack of regulation. And although we can complain about regulation, it’s usually there for a reason.

In the grey market, you’re on your own. It’s not just about doing your due diligence here, it’s also about getting lucky. Because there are no guarantees that come with grey market sales.

How to Combat the Grey Market

I’ll leave this one to the regulators. Traders and retail buyers only have to worry about the risk to themselves.

How do you manage risk? You’ve gotta understand what you’re risking. And that’s where I can try to help.

If you want to get up to speed fast, try my 30-Day Bootcamp. This series is designed to help everyday traders understand the markets and start trading in just 30 days.

Any kind of trading is a battlefield. But if you’re thinking about trading on the grey market, you’ll be walking through landmines. Focus on your education and think about how you can better navigate the markets.

What Is a Caveat Emptor Stock?

Now we’re getting to it…

The skull and crossbones, the ‘buyer beware.’

You’ve done your homework and listened to my tips. You know you should never trust promoters or the companies behind penny stocks.

Well, this is the label that penny stocks get when they REALLY can’t be trusted.

Caveat emptor stocks have fallen off the regulatory and compliance cliff. These companies have allegedly lied, cheated, and stolen.

A caveat emptor icon can also alert you to future price movements. A caveat emptor designation can cause…

Stock Devaluation

A caveat emptor designation can send a stock tumbling. And if the designation isn’t lifted, the stock price can remain devalued over a long period.

Did you catch Canal Capital Corp.’s (CVEM: COWP) fall from grace last November? That’s when regulators slapped it with the skull and crossbones … noted by the ‘CVEM’ in its ticker. That’s shorthand for caveat emptor stock. The company failed to file its financial statements.

I actually traded COWP two weeks before the designation. When trading got choppy, I exited with a single.

Profiting from this kind of volatility is a skill. You need to do the work first. My no-cost “Volatility Survival Guide” is a good place to start prepping for any volatility.

Once regulators place the caveat, it’s a different trading story. Most OTC brokers will stop taking orders for the trade. Liquidity will fall.

When that happens, you’ll need some luck to get out of your position.

Market Decline

When COWP was downgraded, it affected other OTC stocks. If top OTC stocks are in the same sector as the downgraded stock, the entire market might fall.

You’ll likely never trade a caveat emptor stock after it gets the dreaded skull and crossbones. But if you trade any OTC stocks, the threat of CVEM designation always lurks.

Caveat Emptor Designation

What exactly does a stock have to do to deserve this designation? Let’s put it this way — nothing you’d want your kids doing. Especially if they have your credit card.

Regulators usually assess the caveat emptor for one of the following misdeeds…

Promotion

If you know how to trade pumps, the sleazy promoters of the penny stock world can’t hurt you. Follow my advice and NEVER buy into the hype. That’s what most of these companies are selling.

Fraudulent promoters often exploit hot sectors. They snag traders more focused on potential gains instead of patterns. And they’ll be the first ones out as stock value plummets.

Investigation of Fraud or Other Criminal Activities

Some of these folks are out-and-out fraudsters. It’s one thing to pump up a company as the next big thing. It’s another if the half-truths they’re selling are complete lies.

Suspension

A halt in the trading of stocks is sometimes triggered as a result of a news or earnings release. Regulators place caveat emptor stock suspensions to protect the public and investor interests.

For example, regulators recently downgraded Global Resource Energy (CVEM: GERI). GERI is an oil and gas company that has reverse merged into a hemp-infused cocktail drink maker. The SEC states the company has made inadequate or inaccurate financial disclosures.

The company is also suspected of harming investors by diluting its shares.

Undisclosed Corporate Actions

Sometimes penny stocks get listed by doing a reverse merger into an existing company. But with their new stock symbol, they often inherit debt and messy balance sheets.

Or they may do a stock split without giving investors proper notice. Investors could end up with result in a demotion to the grey markets.

When Does Caveat Emptor Get Removed?

A caveat emptor stock designation sticks for at least 30 days. If a company wants to return to the OTC markets, it must meet certain compliance requirements.

The big one is filing its financial reports.

Pink sheet stocks can be lax on reporting. But regulators want evidence that companies are acting in good faith.

Occasionally a company makes a mistake and learns its lesson … but I wouldn’t count on that happening. I expect the worst from these companies so I’m never disappointed.

Don’t get caught holding one of these poison pills. Hold and hope is not a strategy. Here’s a video on how to get out of bad trades.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Grey Market and Caveat Emptor Stocks

What Is the Difference Between the Black Market and Grey Market?

Grey markets aren’t illegal, just unregulated. You assume more risk when you trade penny stocks in the grey market. Black markets are illegal.

What Is the OTC Grey Market?

Also called the ‘grey sheets,’ this is a market in name only. This is where caveat emptor stocks are identified, not traded.

How Does the Grey Market Affect the IPO Process?

Insiders and big-money investors often get access to a stock before it makes its IPO. This pre-IPO trading period can help set the market price for the IPO.

Conclusion: Should You Trade Grey or Caveat Emptor Stocks?

I mean … you’ve been reading this right?

If the type of grey market stock you’re talking about is Elon Musk’s pre-IPO Starlink stock … you probably know more about it than I do.

But if you’re talking about a caveat emptor stock, then you probably don’t know more than I do.

Caveat emptor stocks are cautionary tales for traders. Smart traders look at them as a bright neon warning that says, ‘Don’t believe in penny stocks.’

The good news is that you can learn to better manage your risk. One smart way to start is to find a great community of traders to share information with. In my Trading Challenge, we have one of the best.

Our Challenge chat room is filled with motivated traders and seasoned veterans like me and my top students. The knowledge we share there is key to learning how to trade penny stocks. You also get access to 6,000 in-depth video lessons, webinars, live, trading, and so much more.

If you want to dance with the sketchiest stocks out there, you need to come in clear-eyed and prepared.

How do you do that? Study, study, study!

Have you been caught holding a caveat emptor stock or survived any close calls? Share your story below, I love to hear from my readers!